The Fifth Desk · Evaluation
Act I · The Map
Fleetwood Mac · produced by Fleetwood Mac with Ken Caillat and Richard Dashut · Warner Bros. · eleven tracks, about 39 minutes
Mode
Californian pop rock at radio length; three songwriters in one band, close harmony over a fixed rhythm section
Mythos
An oath sworn to the company in place of the lovers built in The Chain; the prophetess, the ruined queen and a blessing over the departed evoked
Phase
Eleven tracks on two sides; writers alternating on every join, the first side closing on a benediction, the second opening on an oath and closing on a warning
Presentation
Album; eleven tracks in two sides of six and five, about thirty-nine minutes; one song cut from the sequence and issued as a B-side
Register
Bright, dry and polished; layered acoustic and electric guitars, piano, a damped drum sound, three lead voices singly and in close harmony
Scale
Five people in one house of feeling: two couples breaking, a band at work, one figure of appetite, one blessing
Governing Proposition
Five musicians, two of their couples breaking as they record, make one album of eleven radio-length songs by three writers and never let a writer be heard twice in a row: the end of love told as several partial, self-justifying stories, the accused singing harmony on the accusations, and a band that swears itself to the shared work after the bond of love has failed.
Act II · The Essay
Movement I
The record opens on its slightest song, and the choice is exact. Second Hand News is Lindsey Buckingham’s, quick, bright and nervous, a man talking himself out of a love that has already ended, with acoustic guitars layered over a beat that never settles into weight. It lasts under three minutes and does not resolve anything. Then the voice changes. The second track is Stevie Nicks’s Dreams, slower, cooler, sung by the woman the first song is in part about. The record has stated its method in two tracks: one speaker, then the other, and no one given the last word.
Warner Bros. issued Rumours in February 1977. It was produced by Fleetwood Mac with Ken Caillat and Richard Dashut, and recorded through 1976, chiefly at the Record Plant in Sausalito. The band was five: Buckingham on guitars and vocals, Nicks on vocals, Christine McVie on keyboards and vocals, John McVie on bass, Mick Fleetwood on drums and percussion. While they recorded, two couples inside the band were separating, the McVies divorcing and Buckingham and Nicks parting, and Fleetwood’s marriage was failing too. Eleven songs came out of the sessions, by three writers, about thirty-nine minutes.
The album as first released is the unit here: eleven tracks in their original two sides, six and five. Later editions differ. A reissue of 2004 inserts Silver Springs, a Nicks song cut from the album and issued as the B-side of Go Your Own Way, into the running order, and deluxe editions add demos and outtakes; they are evidence, not the object. On the record as issued, one measured fact governs the rest. There are ten joins between eleven tracks, and the writer changes at every one of them. No writer is ever heard twice in succession. The record is a conversation by construction.
Movement II
Go Your Own Way is the accusation. Buckingham sings it, bitter and driving, to a woman who is leaving, and the line that lands hardest is the one about her “packing up, shacking up” with someone else. The song is self-justifying and knows it only partly. What makes it more than a complaint is in the sound: the woman it accuses is in the band that plays it, and her voice is in the harmony. The target sings the charge against herself. That fact, heard rather than said, is the record’s truest statement, and it is repeated in different forms on both sides.
The answers come from either side of it. Dreams, earlier on the same side, is Nicks’s reply before the charge is made: a cool prophecy that “thunder only happens” when it rains, a voice that speaks of the weather of a love as fate and declines to plead. Christine McVie’s songs refuse both postures. Don’t Stop moves forward on a piano shuffle and says “Yesterday’s gone”; Songbird, later, offers tenderness without condition. The disclosure the record makes can be put in a sentence: the end of love is not one story but several, each partial and each self-justifying, and people who have broken one another can go on making one thing together.
The second half of that sentence is shown in sound, and it is credited as fully as the first, which is said in words. But the words are its limit. They are plain and often generic in the pop manner: Oh Daddy and You Make Loving Fun disclose little beyond the mood of a couple, and I Don’t Want to Know, a bright older Nicks tune, restates what Second Hand News says from the other side. The condition is felt more than articulated, and outside The Chain no song widens past the couple. Bergman’s Scenes from a Marriage, at 8.5 on this axis here, articulates a marriage taken apart from both sides; this record mostly sounds it.
Movement III
Dreams is the record’s steadiest height. It is built on two chords and a drift, over a dry, unhurried beat from Mick Fleetwood that never pushes and a bass from John McVie that holds two notes. Nicks’s voice hovers over it rather than pressing on it, so that the song seems to float above its own grievance. Nothing in it builds or climbs. The elevation is in the restraint: a song about being left that declines to raise its voice, and a rhythm section whose economy is the whole of the effect. Take away the precision of that beat and the song would sink into the mood it rises above.
The making is load-bearing in most of the record. Buckingham’s arranging and guitar carry its detail: the fingerpicked pattern of Never Going Back Again, layered acoustic guitars in a song of about two minutes, and the electric guitar over tom fills that drives the end of Go Your Own Way to release. The three voices are placed with great care, alone and in close harmony, and the production keeps every part clear. Songbird, which closes side one, is voice and piano in a large room, Christine McVie alone, and it is height of the plainest kind: simple, right, and placed as a benediction at the end of the side.
The costs are real and few. Oh Daddy and You Make Loving Fun are routine as arrangement, and they stay level, with Second Hand News and I Don’t Want to Know, while the record’s heights come on five or six of its eleven tracks. The sheen at times flattens the songs into one surface, and the damped drum sound is a habit of its studios and years more than a choice. Low, of the same year and at 9.0 here, makes sound the content; Kind of Blue, at 9.3, does the same. This record makes its songs sound their best, which is a lesser thing and, in Dreams, a very fine one.
Movement IV
Side two opens on the oath. The Chain is the only song on the record credited to all five members, and it is the one place the record builds a myth rather than evoking one. Five people whose couples have broken swear themselves to the company instead of to one another: they will “never break the chain”. The vow is enacted by the form, since the song is made by everyone who swears it. It rises twice. First the voices enter in close harmony over a stark kick drum. Then, at the break, John McVie’s bass plays alone, and the coda builds on it to Buckingham’s guitar, the most physical lift on the record.
The sequence turns on this song, and the sequence is the record’s living form. Issued as three solo records, these songs would be complaints, a prophecy and a consolation. Set in one order, the writer changing on every join and one rhythm section unchanged beneath them all, they become a quarrel and a reconciliation in a single sound. Side one runs Buckingham against Nicks against Buckingham, with McVie between them, and closes on Songbird’s blessing; side two opens on the oath and closes on the darkest song. What holds the form short is inside it: the songs are conventional verse and chorus, and the middle of side two follows by alternation more than by argument.
Around The Chain the figures are summoned rather than built: the prophetess of Dreams, the ruined queen of Gold Dust Woman, the blessing of Songbird. The house of five lovers breaking is above all a story told about the record, its legend and its title, and much of its archetypal force is brought by the listener. Heard cold, Second Hand News and You Make Loving Fun are ordinary love songs. The turn the record made was in degree. Its path was the band’s own Fleetwood Mac of 1975 and the Los Angeles soft rock behind it; confessional song already existed, in Joni Mitchell and in Dylan’s Blood on the Tracks of 1975. What was new was a working band singing its accusations to one another, with the accused in the harmony.
Movement V
The record does not end in reconciliation. Gold Dust Woman is the last track and the longest, a slow, dark incantation by Nicks over a scraping drone, and it reaches the dreadful kind of height, something near trance. Its figure is a woman undone by her own appetite, with a “silver spoon” and the warning to “dig your grave”. The record that swore its oath at the opening of the side closes on what the oath cannot prevent. A song of the same writer was cut from the sequence: Silver Springs, the record’s most grieving song, left for a B-side. The record chose Don’t Stop’s “Yesterday’s gone” over it, and chose to end on a warning.
One law governs the whole: love’s ending heard from every side inside one sound, held together by the work. Don’t Stop and Gold Dust Woman, the brightest song and the darkest, obey it: one says go on, the other shows what going on costs, and the same rhythm section, harmonies and surface carry both. Buckingham nervous and bright, Nicks incantatory, Christine McVie warm and plain, are three positions in one argument. The law has no break, and its range is moderate. What the record holds lies close together: consciousness, the couple from several sides, the band as a society bound by labour, appetite, consolation. The state, history and the sacred are absent.
Forty-nine years have kept the record whole and in print, continuous in broadcast and heard entire, and its presence is among the widest of any album of its decade. Its making has been retold for decades, and its arrangements still reward close listening, though more of the return is to the story than to the songs. It set a standard for polished album rock and made the breakup album a category. What holds it below Tier IV is what its fame does not touch: a swerve taken on a proven path, a myth built in one song and evoked in the rest, words that rarely widen past the couple. Blood on the Tracks, the other great breakup record of the decade, stands at 8.6 here. This record stands below it, and holds without pretence what it holds.
Act III · The Twelve
Eleven songs in about thirty-nine minutes, none over five, no instrumental padding and no fade that outstays its song: at the level of the track the record is lean, and the leanness is real necessity. At the level of the album the subtractive test bites. Go Your Own Way, Dreams, The Chain, Songbird and Gold Dust Woman are each required, each a voice or a stance the others lack, and Don’t Stop is the one voice that refuses the past, “Yesterday’s gone”. But Oh Daddy is the slackest song, and I Don’t Want to Know restates what Second Hand News says from the other side. Two soft tracks in eleven: the cap clears with a little room.
Score: 7.9 / 10
The disclosure can be stated: the end of love is not one story but several, each partial and each self-justifying, and people who have broken one another can go on making one thing together, the harmony outliving the couple. The first is said in words, the second shown in sound, and the sound is credited as fully. Go Your Own Way is bitter, “packing up, shacking up”; Dreams answers it with a cool prophecy; Christine McVie’s songs refuse both. That the accused sing harmony on the accusations is the record’s truest statement. Held well below the gate: the words are often generic in the pop manner, and outside The Chain no song widens past the couple.
Score: 7.7 / 10
Elevation comes often and in a few kinds. Dreams is the steadiest height, a two-chord drift over an unhurried beat, the voice hovering rather than pressing, so that the song seems to float above its own grievance. The Chain rises twice: as the voices enter in close harmony over a stark kick drum, and at the break, where the bass plays alone and the coda builds on it to the guitar, the record’s most physical lift. Gold Dust Woman reaches the dreadful kind, a slow incantation near trance. Songbird is height of the plainest kind, and Go Your Own Way’s driving end is release. Five or six tracks of eleven rise; the heights are real, short and mostly warm.
Score: 8.1 / 10
Myth is evoked often and built in one place. The Chain builds it: five people whose couples have broken swear an oath to the company instead of to one another, and the song is the only one credited to all five, so the vow is enacted by the form. Around it the figures are summoned rather than constructed: the prophetess of Dreams, who speaks of weather as of fate, and the ruined queen of Gold Dust Woman, “silver spoon” and “dig your grave”, a woman undone by her own appetite; Songbird, a blessing sung over the departed. What holds the axis low is where the myth lives: much of its force is the legend brought to the record, not built by songs that, heard cold, are particular breakup songs.
Score: 7.5 / 10
The inheritance is the band’s own Fleetwood Mac (1975), which had already turned the group, with Lindsey Buckingham and Stevie Nicks newly arrived, from British blues to Californian pop rock, and behind it the soft rock and country rock of Los Angeles in the earlier 1970s. This record does not turn from that path; it refines it, with tighter songs, cleaner sound and a sharper division among three writers. The departure is in what the songs are about and who sings them: a working band singing its members’ accusations against one another, the accused in the harmony, a turn in degree. The personal stake was high. The artistic stake, a wager on a proven path, was small, and that holds the swerve lowest of the eleven.
Score: 7.2 / 10
Change the form and the record loses its central knowledge, because the knowledge is the conversation. Issued as three solo records, these songs would be complaints, a prophecy and a consolation; set in one sequence, the writer changing on every one of the ten joins, sung by one band over a rhythm section that never changes under them, they become a quarrel and a reconciliation in a single sound. The sequence is counted here, once: side one closes on Songbird, a benediction; side two opens on The Chain, the oath, and ends on Gold Dust Woman, a warning. What holds the figure: the songs inside it are conventional verse and chorus, and You Make Loving Fun to Oh Daddy follows by alternation more than by argument.
Score: 8.0 / 10
Evidence over forty-nine years, plentiful and of two kinds. The making keeps yielding: the sessions and the band’s private lives have been retold for decades, in interviews and in documentaries, and each retelling has reopened who sings what to whom. The record keeps yielding in its arrangements: the layered acoustic guitars of Never Going Back Again, the interplay of voices in The Chain, the restraint of the rhythm in Dreams reward close listening. But much of what is returned to is the story around the record, and most of the songs give at first hearing nearly what they give at the hundredth: Go Your Own Way and Don’t Stop are what they say. Dreams and Gold Dust Woman hold more. A deep well of attention, a shallower one of meaning.
Score: 7.7 / 10
The field is the rock and pop album of the 1970s, above all its Californian studio branch. The intrinsic force is modest: the record perfected rather than reorganised the radio-length pop rock song and the album of a band with several writers, and its methods, layered overdubs, close harmony and a dry, present drum sound, were the craft of the Los Angeles studios of its years carried to their limit. Achieved reach is scored with intrinsic force: the record set a standard for the polished album-oriented rock of the late 1970s and after, became the model of the breakup album as a category, and its songs and sound have been taken up across generations. The reach is of a sound and a model of craft, and no way of making music can be shown to have turned on it. That holds it four tenths below Sticky Fingers, at 8.7, which fixed a model of the band that others took up, and five below Born to Run, at 8.8, whose sound and form became a common language for decades.
Score: 8.3 / 10
Survival is weighed over forty-nine years, on form, then presence, then fabric. The form is whole: the recording survives as issued, in print without interruption, remastered and reissued. Presence is among the widest of any album of its decade: continuous in broadcast, heard whole as well as in its singles, with Don’t Stop used as a political campaign song in 1992. Sales and affection are presence, and the widest presence earns a tenth above the usual figure for its age, and no more. The fabric is of its moment but lightly: the damped drums and the gloss are of the mid 1970s, but the instruments are played, the voices plain, and little is topical. It stands a tenth above Low, at 8.7 here, of the same year and narrower presence.
Score: 8.8 / 10
Command of the recorded medium, the words weighed elsewhere, is load-bearing in most places. The rhythm section of Mick Fleetwood and John McVie is exact and economical, and Dreams depends on it: a beat that never pushes, a bass that holds two notes. Buckingham’s arranging and guitar carry the detail, from the fingerpicked pattern of Never Going Back Again to the guitar that drives the end of Go Your Own Way. Three voices are placed with great care, singly and in harmony, and Caillat and Dashut keep every part clear. Songbird’s piano and voice in a large room are simple and right. The costs: Oh Daddy and You Make Loving Fun are routine, and the sheen at times flattens the songs into one surface. Below Low at 9.0; above Zooropa at 8.2.
Score: 8.6 / 10
One law governs the record: love’s ending heard from every side inside one sound, held together by the work. Take the two most distant elements. Don’t Stop is the brightest song, a piano shuffle that refuses the past; Gold Dust Woman the darkest, a slow incantation over a scraping drone. They obey the same law: one voice says go on, the other shows what going on costs, and the same rhythm section, the same harmonies and the same clean surface carry both. Buckingham nervous and bright, Nicks incantatory, Christine McVie warm and plain: the law holds them as three positions in one argument, not three bands. No break anywhere. The range is moderate, which is credit but not much: no song steps outside the couple or the pop rock palette.
Score: 8.2 / 10
Judged on what the record holds, with no discount for the album form. Consciousness is held, in the self-justification of Go Your Own Way and the cool distance of Dreams. The couple is held fully, from several sides at once. The company is held: the band as a working body in The Chain, a society bound by labour after the bond of love has failed, which is the record’s widest reach. Appetite and addiction enter in Gold Dust Woman, consolation in Songbird; weather appears only as image, the thunder and rain of Dreams. The state, history, the sacred and the world outside the studio are absent. What holds the figure is that all of it lies close together: a few people in one house of feeling.
Score: 6.6 / 10
Act IV · The Reckoning
7.9 / 10 · Final Average
Placement: Tier III · Major
Strongest Dimensions
The Imperishable at 8.8, then The Made at 8.6 and Pressure on Tradition at 8.3. A recording whole and in print after forty-nine years, its presence among the widest of any album of its decade and its fabric lightly dated; a making load-bearing in most places, from the rhythm section under Dreams to the layered guitars of Never Going Back Again and the voices of The Chain; and a reach that set a standard for polished album rock and made the breakup album a category.
Limiting Dimension
The Encompassed at 6.6: consciousness, the couple, the band as a working body, appetite and consolation held close together, and the state, history, the sacred and the world outside the studio absent. Then The Swerve at 7.2: a refinement of the band’s own 1975 album on a proven path, the turn in what the songs are about and who sings them a turn in degree. Then The Archetypal Deep at 7.5, a myth built in The Chain and evoked, with much of its force supplied by legend, elsewhere.
The Necessity Cap clears at 7.9 against a threshold of 7.5. The Coherence Floor clears: The Living Form at 8.0, The Made at 8.6, The Inner Law at 8.2, each against 7.0. The Epochal Gate is unmet: The Imperishable at 8.8 clears the bar of 8.5, but Pressure on Tradition at 8.3, The Unconcealment at 7.7, The Archetypal Deep at 7.5 and The Swerve at 7.2 fall short. The Universal Minimum is unmet at The Swerve, 7.2, below 7.5; The Encompassed, which it exempts, clears its own floor of 6.0 at 6.6. Three of the five summit conditions are met. The work stands where its aggregate places it: 7.9, in the band of Tier III, a tenth short of the 8.0 at which Tier IV begins and of the 9.0 that the summit requires.
Basis · the album as first released by Warner Bros. in February 1977, eleven tracks in their original order on two sides of six and five, about thirty-nine minutes, produced by Fleetwood Mac with Ken Caillat and Richard Dashut and recorded through 1976, chiefly at the Record Plant in Sausalito. The reissue of 2004, which inserts Silver Springs into the running order, and the later deluxe editions with demos and outtakes are evidence, not the object; Silver Springs is treated as a fact about the making. Judged from knowledge of the recording, its documented making and its reception; no recording, sleeve or lyric sheet was in hand. Songs are cited by title, and no lyric is quoted beyond a fragment of four words. Facts that could not be verified, among them the exact day of release, the full list of studios, the track lengths and each writer’s share of the running time, the published accounts of the sessions, the later revivals of particular songs, the record’s listing in national registries, the later musicians said to take it as a model, and the sales, chart positions and awards, are not given.